Aerial conductor.



s. PISPNSTPIN.

AERIAL CONDUCTOR. APPLICATION PILPDv MAR. 27, 1908.

930,746. Y y PanaAug. 10,1909.

SIMON EISENSTEIN, OF'KIEW, RUSSIA.

AERIAL CONDUCTOR.

Specification of LettersPatent.

- Patented Aug'. 10, 1909.

Application led March 27, 1908. Serial'No. 423,643.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SIMON EIsENsTEIN, a subject of. the Czar of Russia, residing in Kiew, in said Empireof Russia, have invented new. "and useful Improvements in Aerial Conductors, of which the following is a specification.

The wave lengths usually employed heretofore in wireless telegraphy do not generally exceed 3000 m. It is, however, known that a large number of problems in wireless telegraphy can be solved much more readily with long waves than when shorter waves are used, as in practice these cause many difficulties.,v However, undamped vibrations are the more readily obtainable in proportion as the length of wave increases, in other words, the smaller the period time, and these conditions are always applicable no matter in what-way such undamped vibrations are produced, that is to say, whether these vin-ations are produced by a voltaic arc or by a high -frequency machine.' For exam le, wlth a wave length of 10,000 m. a high 'frequency machine with a frequency of 30,000 would be required. There is, however, no practical difficulty in constructin machine. Again, with an arc amp an equally high frequency with a very great amplitude may readily be obtained. Al-

though these consideratlons are lvery clear,

their practical application presents considerable difficulty because with the increase of the wave length the masts by which the periods of the self-vibrations have been defined had to be made so extremely highthat the cost of construction was prohibitive, quite apart from the technicaldifliculties in the construction of such masts. v It has therefore been found necessary to have recourse to lengthening coils. The question then arises where they should be inserted. If the lengthening coil is inserted in the lower part of lille antenna, the vradiating eHect must be much smaller. To render the aetionof these lengthening coils clear, we may imagine an antenna of the length'l sup lemented by a lengthening coil of a lengt plc. As, however, it is current is distributed in accor( ance with the law of sines, it will be obvious that if the coils be inserted in the lower part of the antenna, the current impulse, instead of' receiving the maximum J, as would be given by a length such a nown that the am litude of they Z-l-Zc, only receives a maximum t', the ratio between t and J being expressed by the folv lowing formula:

i sinel a g J zo X 2 Therefore, if we have an antenna 50 m.

long and wish to operate with va wave length of 10,000, a coil must be inserted the self-induction coeflicient of which corresponds to a length of 2450'm. In this case `t sine 50 fr It is therefore obvious thatby'theinser'- cordingly this construction cannot be re-y garded as a solution of the problem.

In the accompanying drawing, the figure is a diagrammatic representation showing the arrangement of parts embodying my invention.

-' The difficulties referred to in the foregoing by ar-v ranging the selfinduction coil 2 at the upper end of the antennav 1, at the same time employing a large su plementary at the upper end of tlie antenna in the known manner. As with such antenna only the capacity of the supplementary system need be taken into account, while the ca acity of the conductor is quite negligible, t 1e vdefect in 4the form of brush'discharges, sparks or other losses of energy, which occur with the simple insertion lof the` `lengthening coil at 4the upper end of the antenna, cannot arise.A Onl the other hand, the diminution of theresent invention overcomes the capacity 5 yof the kind referred to.

telephony, in combination, a supplementary capacity, an aerial conductor, and a self-induction in the form of a lengthening coil in series between the supplementary ca acity and the aerial conductor, immediately elow the capacity and at the top ofthe aerial conductor.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

SIMON EISENSTEIN,

Witnesses:

PETER ZRAZEWSKI, F. A. LOVIAGUINE. 

